Questions tagged [x.509]
X.509 is a standard for a public key infrastructure used for authentication and access control. X.509 specifies standard formats for certificates, revocation lists, attribute certificates, and path validation.
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Convert PGP key to X.509?
Can I convert a PGP key to X.509, using OpenSSL or GNUPG?
Aren't these only container/wrapper formats?
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Certify using Yubikey
I just started using a Yubikey 5. I've set up GPG according to this excellent guide, and now I have 3 working ECC key pairs on my Yubikey: Sign/S :: ed25519, Encrypt/E :: cv25519, Authentication/A :: ...
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How are X.509 certificate revoked?
I would like to know how are X.509 certificates revoked.
That is: Say I have an X509 certificate, and I want it to be revoked for whatever reason (e.g., compromise). How do I reach out to the CA? What ...
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Web Browser and server using ECDHE_RSA cypher suite, then what is the use of X.509 certificate public key for?
User Crover has given a very great explanation for this question:
RSA or ECDHE for x.509 certificates-what does each do?
I have one question to Crover and/or any other member.
What I understand from ...
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Why does the Public Key Info field in an X509 certificate for EC indicate the algorithm
The Subject Public Key Info field can have a value like ECDSA_P256 or ECDH_P256 when ECC is used.
Why is it not sufficient to specify "ECC_P256"? In other words, why is it not enough to ...
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Does self-signed encryption certificate violate "no multi-use keys" principle?
Say that I have generated an RSA keypair, which I intend to publish only for use with RSA-KEM; I can see that this is provisioned for:
The intended application for the key MAY be indicated in the key ...
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How do I create a certificate with subject containing Octet string?
I need to create a certificate with:
subject.attribute1: 2.5.4.3 {Common Name} UTF8String
subject.attribute2: 2.5.4.92 {tagAFI} OCTET STRING
subject.attribute3: 0.9.2342.1920.0300.100.1.1 {userId} ...
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Certification path building for 509 certificates
To this date, is there a specification or a de-facto industry standard or how applications are supposed to perform certification path building in the context of X.509? I am specifically asking about ...
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How to resolve an issue with potential mismatch between device certificate and CA certificate?
I have an IoT device which is failing to establish a connection with the cloud. The problem is related to the device X509 certificate (to the best of my understanding). I've posted a version of this ...
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openssl x509 -sigopt algorithms and options list?
Per the OpenSSL 3.1 documentation for the x509 subcommand, the -sigopt flag allows one to pass signing options. The documentation for that flag currently states:
-sigopt nm:v
Pass options to the ...
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Why is a v3 extension needed for a X.509 certificate to be used to test HTTPS on localhost?
I'm learning how to test HTTPS locally and found that articles written before ca. 2019 (e.g., 1, 2, 3) contain only a few steps, whereas later posts (e.g., 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9) always make sure that v3 ...
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Best practice of x.509 client certificates accross multiple systems
I have several MongoDB's where I use x.509 Certificates to Authenticate Clients
Let's say I create certificate and user for admin:
subject: CN=admin
issuer: CN=MongoDB Issuing CA
-> db.createUser({...
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Limit the intermediate CA to be trusted only on one host
I'm exploring PKI and reached the following issue -
I'm generating root CA for an organization and intermediate CA per every user (unique).
But then it hit me that essentially any user (Alice) in the ...
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x509 chain verification which fields are sufficient
To perform the chain verfiction between rootCA, IssueCA, endentity CA which fields should be common, Note: doing through code, not from command line.
Below is the extracted part from generated certs, ...
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Error when validating certificate
I created a certificate signed by an intermediate CA that is signed by root CA following an online tutorial.
Reference to tutorial that I followed: https://www.golinuxcloud.com/openssl-create-...
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Are X.509 certificates tied to a particular operation [duplicate]
I am looking to create a X.509 certificate to encrypt a payload (plaintext) (using Hybrid encryption) and send it across to a server. Can I create a SSL/TLS X.509 certificate and use that to do the ...
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What's the point of certificates in SSL/TLS?
A valid certificate cannot guarantee that I'm not being MITM'd right now, as either the private key or CA may have been compromised. For this reason, I have to contact a CA through CRL/OCSP to check ...
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Can we use a custom non-x.509 cert for TLS?
I know TLS normally uses a x.509 certificate. But is it possible to use a non-x.509 cert to do TLS if both the server and client understand the format of that certificates?
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How to add additional information to Certificate Signing Request (CSR)?
I would like to generate a Certificate Signing Request (CSR) and add additional custom information in it.
The standard CSR fields are common name, country, organization, organizational unit, etc.
Is ...
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How to get OpenSSL to keep subj intact between x509 CSR and certificate
When creating my own root CA, intermediate CA and server certificate I would like to add a contentType=X to the subject line of all three x509 certificates.
On the root that appears to be working with:...
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x509 certificate verification issue [closed]
Having issue with x509 certificate verification.
Steps I followed.
Generated the root certificate.
created the Intermediate certificate.
signed the Intermediate certificate with root certificate.
...
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How can I ensure that a CSR doesn't rely on a revoked private key
CRL lists the revoked certificates of a CA by sending back to the user the Serial Number of each certificate, nothing related to the public key. I don't know how it works for OCSP.
Is there a ...
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TPM tss2 certificate signing request sign by CA
I am trying to sign certificate by CA which generated by CA. But I am facing below error code while singing.
Generate certificate:
# tpm2tss-genkey -a rsa -s 2048 mykey
# openssl req -new -engine ...
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SSL handshake failure | Client hello(success) -> Server ACK (success) -> server RST (connection closed)
I was running MQTT broker in my pc and tried to connect to it via mqtt client in same PC. using x509 cert for mutual tls. SSL Handshake was failing with RST from server. This was happening only in my ...
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SSL/x509 certificate/public key expiration [duplicate]
I would like to know the process of how public keys/certificates are renewed for a website. I understand the concept of CA (Certificate Authority) chains, and how the public key/certificate for a site ...
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Keys vs Certificate & x509 vs GPG
I understand a fair bit about keys in regards to what the private key does, and the public key for technologies such as PIV and GPG.
Where I get lost is how the certificate comes into play and what ...
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How to get a CA into a Trust Chain
I'm using Google CA Service Provider in the Google Cloud to issue key materials on their FIPS-140-2 Level 3 HSMs (google's service).
I intend to send the attestation bundle alongside public keys and ...
2
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1
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Determine if the client certificate comes from a smarcard in mTLS [closed]
I am designing a web access gateway that authenticates users through certificates using the mTLS mechanism. I would like to be able to identify the users that access the system using a Smartcard and ...
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2
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A DNS that has been eliminated is still resulting in X.509 Certificate Subject CN Does Not Match the Entity Name
I ran a Nexpose scan on a DNS that no longer resolves and a vulnerability was found : X.509 Certificate Subject CN Does Not Match the Entity Name
I don't know why it's still producing a vulnerability ...
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Connecting to company VPN issues a failed certificate verification
As one can see on the screenshot below, connecting to the company VPN via FortiClient issues a X509 verify certificate failed.
I have informed the CIO who is the security person as well but it is not ...
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Digital Signature Generation
In short, I need to place a Digital Signature into slot 9c of my Yubikey. If you generate the certificate from the Yubikey; then the private key is not exportable. So I'm attempting to generate the ...
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Distrusting a cross signed certificate
Consider the following scenario
OpenSSL and x.509v3 is used.
You have 2 CA's: CA1 and CA2. Both CA's have cross signed each other,
meaning CA1 has signed CA2 and CA2 has signed CA1.
When CA1 signed ...
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1
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How to create and embed Signed Certificate Timestamp (SCT) in certificate
I have deployed a Certificate Transparency (CT) log server that uses Google's CTFE (named "certificate-transparency-go" on Github) and Trillian Projects. And I have issued a pre-certificate, ...
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What can happen if lifetime info is not included into an X.509 certificate?
When a certification authority generates a signature, but if the message to be signed does not include the lifetime information (period of validity), what can happen in terms of security being ...
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Name Constraints, empty sets in permitted subtree (RFC 3280 vs RFC 5280)
I'm trying to understand the effect of empty sets in permittedSubtrees in both, RFC 5280 and RFC 3280. There is something that doesn't compile in my head.
Scenario:
We have a CA certificate with the ...
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2
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What happens when you ignore HTTPS warning?
I’m setting up a router at home, and I just created a CA and signed a cert with it. The first time I navigated to the router console, I was greeted with the familiar scary Safari warning about ...
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What is the best practice for relying parties to selectively trust certificates in a corporate pki hierarchy?
I have a pki infrastructure for internal company use.
In this pki there are multiple registration authorities whose responsibility is to.
receive certificate issuance requests
verify the identity of ...
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1
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application of key usage extension
I understand how Key Usage Extension of x.509 certificate works. I have gone through the Key Usage section of RFC5280 and I know of all the valid values and what they mean.
But what I don't understand ...
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How can I recover the full certificate chain knowing the final X.509 certificate?
Given
Final X.509 certificate A in PEM format.
Access to the certificate store of the server, which encloses all certificates, including singing chain for the certificate A.
OpenSSL shows following ...
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Best practice for "stateOrProvinceName" in certificate
In RFC-4519 stateOrProvinceName is abbreviated to ST. Should we assume that it is best practice to put ST=<name-of-state> in the certificate if the state or province is indicated? After all X-...
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Is it must to have "Key Usage" extension in the selfsigned root certificate?
I have gone through multiple questions but still I am confused. RFC X.509 also does not clarify it.
Conforming CAs MUST include this extension in certificates that
contain public keys that are ...
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How can I prevent non-SAN TLS certificates from bypassing name constraints?
I'm trying to create a private CA and want it to only be able to issue certificates for my domain via name constraints.
However, even if I create the CA with restrictions on DNS names as well as ...
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How to protect private key for client cert in machine store? Is it acceptable for it to be exportable?
Is it acceptable to store a client cert's private key as exportable in the computer's certificate store?
I have a .NET desktop app that installs client certificates in local machine\personal. The ...
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Why do the X.509 certificates need the public key?
I am currently reading about X.509 certificates from RFC 5280 and there is a thing in section 3.1 that I cannot understand. It says:
Users of a public key require confidence that the associated ...
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Difference between -CAfile and -trusted in OpenSSL verify
openssl verify can be executed with both flag -CAfile <FILE> and -trusted <FILE>. The explanations from OpenSSL 1.1.1 manual:
-CAfile <FILE>
A file of trusted certificates. The file ...
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Role of public and private keys of client certificate in mTLS [duplicate]
I'm curious to know how mTLS works in more detail in regard to client authentication.
Firstly, I issued 3 certificates: root CA, server and client. The last two are signed with the root CA.
Secondly, ...
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Client authentication using X509 certificates behind the scenes
In my application I've successfully implemented client authentication using X509 certificates
Here's what I've done:
Issued a self-signed CA root certificate with a private key
Issued a web-server ...
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Why does Microsoft SmartScreen require OV certificates to be signed by a trusted CA?
Signing your applications with an OV code signing certificate enables them to build reputation together in Microsoft SmartScreen, rather than each binary building reputation separately. This allows ...
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Avoid re-encrypting persisted cipher texts when using certificates
An application uses RSA to encrypt small texts before persisting in database, using public key of the end node of the application. Only these end nodes must be able to decrypt thge ciphers and only ...
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mTLS Client Authentication by Signing Arbitrary Message using Browser
this is my first post here in the area of security and encryption. I will try to be succinct, and let you know that I am not an expert in security.
Context: My client (visitor) has an X509 ...