One of the principles of information security is to restrict permissions and privileges as much as possible. Under this principle, only the minimum necessary permissions and privileges are granted are granted to users, files, processes, etc. StrictMode
applies this principle.
The reason for this principle is to reduce the chances of giving an attacker something that could be useful to him/her. In this case, an attacker that has read access to authorized_keys
would be able see other hosts are able to connect to this host. Knowing this information, the attacker could then look for ways to breach one of these other hosts, in order to gain access to this host. The philosophy here is - why give the attacker something that he/she may be able to use, when there is nothing to be gained by doing so?