From the comments, it sounds like the core question is, and please do comment if I'm wrong here: "We have a centralised authentication provider (LDAP) and multiple applications which end users authenticate against this. Is there a way of making it so that if the user changes their password on one of these applications, the change can automatically be applied to other applications, without the user having to update each application individually?"
If that is the case, so that your users can change their password on, say, Outlook, and it automatically updates on their mobile phone, there are some possible methods for doing this, generally involving a password equivalent, such as a verification token. However, it's generally a really bad idea.
Imagine a situation where a user's mobile phone has been stolen. The thief currently has access to their email, and to any email that comes in whilst the same session is active. Given a password reset which requires the updated password to be entered, it's easy to shut off their access to new email - you change the password on the server, and the phone can no longer connect. In your theoretical system, changing the password on the server would not stop the phone from connecting - the password would automatically update.
You may be better off looking at utilising existing functionality in devices to minimise the number of changes that a user will have to perform. For example, Android devices allow for "accounts" which can be used by multiple applications, meaning that if a Google password is updated, it only needs to be entered on the phone once, instead of once per mobile application. Outlook can be configured to allow sign-in using domain login, so that a user who signs into Windows is automatically connected to the Exchange server. In each of these, the password needs to be entered if it is changed, but only once per device.
