Are there any web sites where one can visit to see the latest disclosed vulnerabilities in order to further develop IT security research skills and keep up-to-date?
2 Answers
Sure, plenty.
One of the most prominent is the Full Disclosure list, which was closed down in 2014 and then reborn. You can find the past archives and subscription info at http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/ .
Another good source of general information are Linux distros' security lists, which provide announcements of fixed vulnerabilities in their software. A small selection:
MITRE provides some feeds of CVEs.
Generally Twitter is a very useful resource for both vulnerabilities and general infosec news. Specifically who is going to be need specific.
Team Cymru's blog is a good resource.
https://www.exploit-db.com/ is good for finding POCs for exploits
This is likely the most comprehensive of officially disclosed vulns: https://nvd.nist.gov/
Ultimately, if you want actionable resource for an enterprise that doesn't consume your time analyzing you are going to need to pay for a service.