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As Luke Smith said in his video, XMPP has been designed as an open communication protocol, which is similar to the email at an extent, I am wondering why people consider it as a safe communication method. So far as I know, the XMPP protocol itself doesn't provide any encryption to ensure the visibility of messages to only the sender and receiver. So, how does XMPP protocol protection work?

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It isn't.

XMPP Chat is a federated protocol just like email.

  • It may or may not use TLS client to server, but generally does these days.
  • The federated servers hold and relay clear text chat just like email.
  • End-to-End encryption is dependent upon client side body encryption just like email.

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