If I receive Google verification codes that do not work, is my phone compromised? [duplicate]

Question

I know that something similar has happened to other people before (see for instance here or here), but the situation and the question are slightly different. I wanted to log in to my Gmail account from my laptop, and usually I receive a verification code to my phone number, sent by "Google". This time it was sent from some random phone number, and it did not work. I tried a few more times to get a code. Every time it was sent from a different international phone number and had some oddities (wrong spacing or spelling), but the timing was almost seamless (it arrived perhaps 2-3 seconds after I had requested it, while usually it takes roughly 1 second). I did not try to use them anymore, as I was growing suspicious. I cleared the cookies and browsing history of my iPhone, restarted it, retried again to get a code, and still got a similar message from some random number. I tried again and then I got a usual message from Google, used the code, it worked, and then I changed my Gmail password (just to be safe). But now I am wary of using my phone for the 2-step verification process: it looks like someone is getting the message from Google instead of myself, and then is sending me a fake code (though I would not know why). I want to stress that I do not get these messages at random times (as other people on the internet have mentioned), but rather shortly after having actually requested a code. Does this mean that my phone has been compromised (though I would not know how...), and if so, what can I do about it?