I was wondering what Windows/Linux/Live tools allow to retrieve user password hashes of modern 2021 Win10/11 installations. I am not sure if password storage differs in these cases (e.g. different location or hash in use) from previous Windows versions (NT hash stored in SAM):
- Microsoft account logged in during installation with account password/Windows Hello access
- Local user created during installation with password and mandatory hint/security questions
- Local user initially created without password, and then added password via Control Panel (no hint/security questions required)
- other setups if any