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I realized all of the phase of the handshake but I do not understand how it does that from the two randomly generated numbers are unable to generate a session key that the client and the server uses for symmetric encryption . if someone explain to me how it works I would be very grateful

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This is being done by using the

  • Diffie-Hellman key exchange protocol when you aim for Forward Secrecy (Authentication-Key = RSA, Encrpytion-Key = DH-negotiated)
  • RSA in non Forward Secrecy scenarios (Authentication/Encryption-Key = RSA).

The latter has the disadvantage that an attacker that can get hold of your private key can also decrypt all past communication - whereas this is not possible by using DH and therefore a different key for encryption.

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    The RSA handshake is pretty common as well. – CodesInChaos Apr 27 '14 at 14:08
  • True - unfortunately. I was a bit too Forward Secrecy focussed. Good remark. – binaryanomaly Apr 27 '14 at 14:13

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