Questions tagged [random]
The generation of random or pseudorandom data, and the use of randomness in security protocols
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Is it possible to retrieve seed from a few random numbers?
Let's say I have generated 16 integers (between 0 and 128) using Python
from random import seed, randint
seed(1234)
randoms = [randint(0, 128) for _ in range(0, 16)]
If we have a rough knowledge of ...
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Pre-generate random numbers or generate it on the spot
We are developing a lottery platform, and we are discussing what the best way to implement it would be.
As we have it right now, the system pre-generates, using a TRNG device, all the winning numbers ...
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Is there any encryption method that uses TRNGs?
Can we create a true random generator whose entropy source is the loss of electrical signals that a binary architecture cannot detect?
If we have a system that let's say could do this, could we be ...
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Random identifier vs identifier plus HMAC
Suppose I have a resource that I want to be accessible only using a specific link. I could generate a link using a 256 bit random identifier, e.g. https://example.com/aMXtSQufIxntoMSnTQGdgMfs84VzM-...
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How does /dev/random not leak future bytes from old ones
I want to generate 6 random words using Wiktionary and random numbers from /dev/random. I'll get a random number with /dev/random and then use the word from that index.
I know /dev/random should be ...
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ChaCha Single-Use RNG with All Zero Plaintext + Nonce
I am creating an internal application that will be used to generate and manage self-signed certificates and certificate authorities. Its primary use will be for generating certificates used in SSL ...
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How do in-memory unrandomizers (like in Cheat Engine) work?
Cheat Engine is a rather known memory editing and manipulation tool for Windows.
It has this feature to screw up your randomness generation, how does it achieve it?
My guess would be that it makes the ...
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Why GNU libc's salt alphabet for `crypt` is limited to ./0-9A-Za-z?
According to docs:
To hash a new passphrase for storage, set salt to a string consisting of [a prefix plus] a sequence of randomly chosen characters ...
and
In all cases, the random characters ...
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Comparing HAVEGE and Jitter Entropy algorithms
How does the HAVEGE method (or rather, the specific adaption of it as used in haveged) for generating randomness from timing differ from that of the Jitter Entropy method? Is there any research ...
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Security consideration for CAPTCHA system
Hi everybody I am developing an image captcha system as a side project something like hcaptcha/Recaptcha - image classification/object localization.
I have a few questions regarding the security of ...
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Pseudorandom vs. True Random
Proper security algorithms demand true random numbers. For instance, secret keys & initialization vectors should never not be true random.
However, generating numbers using Java's Random library ...
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Is it necessary to use cryptographically-secure randomness in order to create URLs for user activation?
Usually once you register in a website you need to visit a url like:
https://example.com/user_activate/^random_string^
Does the ^random_string^ necessarily need to be cryptographically pseudorandom ...
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Should a user refill their 2FA when they login into a different account and back?
Some of our users on our website have two or more accounts they use to log in. With each device they log in a specific device ID is generated. This device ID is stored on the device itself and on the ...
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Can I evaluate the quality of my OS random numbers? [duplicate]
Is there a software or website that implements tests of randomness to check if my random numbers are of cryptography quality ?
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Is "Math.random" the same as "crypto.getRandomValues" (JavaScript security)
This question may be a little off-topic, but is Math.random the same as crypto.getRandomValues? (JavaScript)
Here's an example:
Math.random(); // 0.11918419514323941
self.crypto.getRandomValues(new ...
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How many random characters must an unguessable string contain?
I want to add a suffix to my URLs that makes them distinctive and therefore only findable by a person who knows that suffix. I considered using a UUID or hash, but these are usually very long. However,...
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Does combining a non-cryptographically secure string with a cryptographically secure string result in a cryptographically secure string?
I'm using php, but the general question applies to any confirmed cryptographically secure pseudo-random string concatenated with a non-cryptographically secure string.
I know random_bytes generates a ...
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Can iterated hashes be used to create cryptographically secure random data from strong random seed?
I was wondering if generation of sequential hashes from random seed can be considered "random enough" to be used in cryptographic operations?
By sequential hashes I mean the following:
First ...
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Verifying public key visually
Verifying a string of long numbers is hard (think of cert public key). I remember there is a tool to visualize this randomness into a "randomness graph" but I cannot recall what is the graph ...
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Is a simple random+hmac session cookie breakable?
I make session cookies of form session_id+'|'+hmac_sha256(session_id, static_secret) where session_id = random_string(16 bytes) made with a PRNG (not a CSPRNG!) seeded on the server's timestamp at ...
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Randomness of hash of (password + suffix)
Suppose I have a password, say "thisIsThePassword".
Then I have MD5 hashes of that password followed by an increasing numeric suffix:
MD5("thisIsThePassword1") = ...
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How many bytes for password reset token? Should one take steps to hash or conceal raw CSPRNG bytes?
I'm trying to follow the OWASP 'Forgot Password Cheat Sheet' recommendations for password reset functionality via email. This requires my server to generate a token. OWASP says that PHP's random_bytes(...
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Is it bad to reveal random bytes from a system?
Let's say you cat /dev/random or /dev/urandom all day from boot to system shutdown, either redirecting the output to a file, or just catting it (in a terminal, or whatever) doesn't matter. Is this ...
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Is Python's `secrets` module using the same code as the `random` module?
The secrets module is marketed as a safe alternative to random for things that are meant to be secret. But what's the actual difference? Looking at their code, in some cases these libraries actually ...
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Are weak entropy sources worth it?
I maintain an operating system that can be deployed to embedded devices with highly diverse capabilities. One of the aspects of porting the OS to a device is declaring the available entropy sources (...
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Attacks Relying on Poor Entropy
I'm creating a quantum random number generator as part of my thesis.
As part of the research phase, I'm trying to substantiate my aspertion that encryption is significantly weakened if a computer ...
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Security Implications of Caching Randomness
Is it a bad idea to cache randomness in the general case? My feeling is yes, but I'm having a hard time articulating why.
Scenario:
A programming language of your choice (e.g. node) uses a native call ...
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What is "environmental noise"?
I'm looking at way to generate random numbers for cryptographic purposes. More specifically, I looked at the Linux /dev/urandom function, which is considered a real random number generator. There are ...
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So I just got a voicemail from a random person, where it says 3 random numbers (for example 354) and then "goodbye" [closed]
So basically, i was just playing games as always, and I get a voicemail. It reads-"396 (random numbers just incase the numbers are sensitive information), goodbye" It sounds automated but i'...
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How to select a random node when nodes are untrusted in a distributed network?
Assume in a distributed network, where the nodes are not trusted and are identified by their public keys, we intend to select one of them in a random process. In such a situation, all of the nodes ...
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Weird GET request on internet facing Nginx [duplicate]
I spun up an internet facing nginx server in AWS and the logs started showing weird get requests with a search engine's spider as user agent.
172.31.43.193 - - [19/Aug/2020:20:09:19 +0000] "GET /...
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Security of PHP's str_shuffle()
I'm doing some research on PHP's str_shuffle function, I already asked this question multiply times on StackOverflow but got no answer https://stackoverflow.com/questions/61968859/is-it-possible-to-...
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Randomly selected words converted into sentence. Did I lose passphrase strength or gain it?
I got 5 dice and opened EFF's wordlist, and generated a random five-word passphrase (all letters small with spaces, no punctuation) for my PC.
The words were making up a meaningful scene in my mind, ...
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Is it cryptographically safe to use veracrypt in a virtualbox virtual machine?
Does virtualbox provide enough entropy (random numbers) for the veracrypt program on the virtual machine? Is it cryptographically safe to use veracrypt inside a virtualbox in a windows 10 guest?
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Random URLs to hide assets [duplicate]
Say I own a domain name www.example.com and I'd like to host some resources on it, but being reasonably hidden from the public.
Since a 256 bits has a sufficiently large entropy to prevent an ...
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Randomly generating invoice IDs
I'm in the process of setting up a local (i.e. offline and very limited) business, and I'm thinking of generating invoice IDs randomly to avoid the clients knowing that they're customer number #...
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Did PHP's rand() get better?
I know that PHP used the system implementation for its rand() function, which is usually a weak LCG or LFSR implementation. Did this change?
In case it still does, I am using Fedora 32.
PHP states in ...
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Is a random number secure (enough) for card numbers and pins?
I've been given the task of generating some gift tokens which comprise a serial number and a pin number, analagous to a pre-paid credit card. The serial and pin will be printed on a card, with the pin ...
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Generating trusted random numbers for a group?
Alice and Bob need to share some cryptographically-secure random numbers. Alice does not trust Bob, and Bob does not trust Alice. Clearly, if Alice generates some numbers, and hands them to Bob, Bob ...
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What vulnerabilities would this type of "password manager" have?
When I was searching for a password manager to use I stumbled upon the concept of Master Password which instead of encrypting and saving your passwords, generates them by using your master password ...
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Does OAuth2 state parameter need to be cryptographically secure?
In OAuth2, as part of the authorization request, we generate a random string and pass it with the state parameter, so that when we get the response, we can ascertain that the response is a result of ...
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Does rngd -r /path/to/file inject into /dev/urandom in addition to /dev/random?
I'm new to the /dev/random and /dev/urandom pipes in general and have an application calling from /dev/urandom which I'm attempting to inject entropy into. I'd prefer not to change the source for ...
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Anonymous (privacy-preserving) random walk
Quoting this paper - SmartWalk (https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/2976749.2978319):
For graph privacy, strong link privacy relies on deep perturbation to
the original graph, indicating a large ...
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Cracking .NET random
I know .NET has two PRNGs, one secure and one insecure. What is the approach to cracking the insecure one (I want to use it to test an .aspx site)? I searched all over but I only found references to ...
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Should I generate a lot of random serial keys and pick one for each registration or generate 1 for each user?
I'm talking about Online activation. My current workflow is:
User pays via paypal (without registration)
Paypal performs a request to my API.
My API returns a serial key to the user.
Then the user ...
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How can I validate that a PRNG's output is insecure and predictable?
Say I talk to a developer who is using some output of a Pseudo-random number generator in order to do some security task. I know based upon common knowledge that only Cryptographically Secure Pseudo ...
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How can one test if a password generator is cryptographically secured?
Given the plethora of random password generators (RPG) available, I'd like to do some black box testing on some.
Let's take https://passwordsgenerator.net/ for example. Assuming the whole generator ...
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Is it safe to generate a temporary API key from a random generator seeded by a secure random generator?
I have a need to generate a key consisting of a given number of random characters that will be used to access resources via a public API. It should not be possible to predict the key. This is done in ...
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Is reading from /dev/urandom on macOS Catalina a safe way to produce cryptographically secure data?
I'm reading a lot about entropy on macOS...
I know it doesn't use Yarrow anymore as per this FIPS 140-02 doc a NIST compliant DRBG.
I read a lot:
https://github.com/briansmith/ring/pull/398
How ...
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entropy change when reading from /dev/urandom vs /dev/random
I noticed that when reading from /dev/random, I have a very real impact on the entropy available on my linux box.
(reading from /proc/system/kernel/random/entropy_avail),
Yet when reading from /dev/...
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