Found the solution myself.
There is one smart card platform that implements Java Card 3.0.1 Classic, available as a smart card and as a USB token:
- Sm@rtCafé Expert 6.0
- StarSign Crypto USB Token
There also seems to be some similar card from CardLogix.
However, these are all Java Card 3.0 Classic, which is very close to Java Card 2.2.2. The minute differences are easily implemented by card manufacturers, so it seems that most cards will probably update to Java Card 3.0 Classic eventually.
The case for Java Card 3.0 Connected seems a lot bleaker. Nobody has come up with a card, and I couldn't find any information about cards in the making either. It would seem that the requirements are a bit steep for current generation cards and there are not many use cases for such cards.
Unfortunately, even ignoring the HTTP servlet stuff, only Java Card 3.0 Connected edition is the one supporting Java 6 with threads, full types, generics, etc. Java Card 3.0 Classic is still using the 16-bit Java with very few features.